Hello Laura,
I'd be remiss not to point out that the US TAG to ISO TC 176 has an interpretations process that's designed to address your first two questions. They are excellent candidates for the interpretations process because they can be answered with a simple "yes or no." Email
standards@asq.org and you will receive the application by return email.
Your third question was: "Lastly, we recently had an auditor suggest that our Quality Objectives could be the targeted outcomes of things like CapEx projects." I'd offer that your auditor was correct in that such projects certainly could be subject to one or more objectives. CapEx projects are no different from other projects in that meeting milestones and measurements are a basic requirement, the least of which in this case is ROI. I've seen others manage these projects as objectives, but it's certainly your choice to do so. Finally, I'd add that CapEx projects are also worthy of mention at management review as these projects often have multiple impacts to the effectiveness of the QMS such as new training needs or the risk of disrupting existing schedules or deliveries.
Great Questions!